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SI9979
Vishay Siliconix
SI9979
3-Phase Brushless DC Motor Controller
FEATURES
* Hall-Effect Commutation e 60 or 120 Sensor Spacing e Integral High-Side Drive for all N-Channel MOSFET Bridges e PWM Input e e e e e Quadrature Selection Tachometer Output Reversible Braking Output Enable Control e e e e Cross Conduction Protection Current Limiting Undervoltage Lockout Internal Pull-Up Resistors
DESCRIPTION
The SI9979 is a monolithic brushless dc motor controller with integral high-side drive circuitry. The SI9979 is configured to allow either 60 or 120 commutation sensor spacing. The internal low-voltage regulator allows operation over a wide input voltage range, 20- to 40-V dc. The SI9979 provides commutation from Hall-effect sensors. The integral high-side drive, which utilizes combination bootstrap/charge pump supplies, allows implementation of an all n-channel MOSFET 3-phase bridge. PWM, direction, quadrature select, and braking inputs are included for control along with a tachometer output. Protection features include cross conduction protection, current limiting, and undervoltage lockout. The FAULT output indicates when undervoltage, over current, disable, or invalid sensor shutdown has occurred. The SI9979 is specified to operate over the commercial temperature range of 0 to 70C (C suffix), and the industrial temperature range of -40 to 85C (D suffix).
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
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SI9979
Vishay Siliconix
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Voltage on Pin 42 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 V Voltage on Pins 1-4, 10, 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V Voltage on Pins 5-9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3 V to 5.5 V Voltage on Pins 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 V Voltage on Pins 27, 31, 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2 to 50 V Operating Temperature C Suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 to 70C D Suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40 to 85C Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -65 to 150C Junction Temperature (TJ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150C Power Dissipation (PD) C Suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.70 W D Suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55 W
RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGE
V+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +20 to 40 VDC RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 k Min
SPECIFICATIONS
Test Conditions Unless Otherwise Specified Parameter Power
Supply Voltage Range Logic Voltage Supply Current Logic Current Internal Referencec V+ VDD I+ IDD VREF -20 4.2 -20 mA IDD 0 mA 20 14.5 16 4.5 40 17.5 V
Limits
-40C to 85C
Symbol
V+ = 20 to 40 V, IDD = 0 mA
Mina
Typb
Maxa
Units
mA V
Commutation Inputs (INA, INB, INC, 60/120)
High-State Low-State High-State Input Current Low-State Input Current VIH VIL IIH IIL VIH = VDD VIL = 0 V -50 4.0 1.0 10 V A
Logic Inputs (F/R, EN, QS, PWM, BRK)
High-State Low-State High-State Input Current Low-State Input Current VIH VIL IIH IIL VIH = 5.5 V VIL = 0 V -125 2.0 0.8 10 V A
Outputs
Low-Side Gate Drive, High State Low-Side Gate Drive, Low State High-Side Gate Drive, High State High-Side Gate Drive, Low State Capacitor Voltaged Low-Side Switching, Rise Time Low-Side Switching, Fall Time High-Side Switching, Rise Time High-Side Switching, Fall Time Break-Before-Make Time TACH Output/FAULT Output TACH Output Pulsewidth VGBH VGBL VGTH VGTL VCAP trL tfL trH tfH tBLH tBHL VOL tT IOL = 1.0 mA 300 Risetime = 1 to 10 V Falltime = 10 to 1 V CL = 600 pF V+ = 40 V 55 70 25 100 40 100 300 0.15 600 0.4 V ns ns TA = 0 to 70C TA = -40 to 85C
C Suffix D Suffix
14
16
17.5 0.1
16 16
18 20 0.1
V
S-60752-Rev. D, 05-Apr-99 2
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SI9979
Vishay Siliconix
SPECIFICATIONS
Test Conditions Unless Otherwise Specified Parameter Protection
Low-Side Undervoltage Lockout Low-Side Hysteresis High-Side Undervoltage Lockout UVLL VH UVLH SA, B, C = 0 V 12.2 0.8 VDD - 3.3 A 100 100 110 125 1 10 100 12 120 mV V s V
Limits
-40C to 85C
Symbol
V+ = 20 to 40 V, IDD = 0 mA
Mina
Typb
Maxa
Units
Current Limit
Comparator Input Bias Current Comparator Threshold Voltage Common Mode Voltage One Shot Pulse Width IIB VTH VCM tp RT = 10 k, CT = 0.001 F RT = 10 k, CT = 0.01 F TA = 0 to 70C TA = -40 to 85C C Suffix D Suffix -5 90 85 0 8 80
Notes a. The algebraic convention whereby the most negative value is a minimum and the most positive a maximum. b. Typical values are for DESIGN AID ONLY, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing. c. The reference voltage is not available for external use. d. VCAP = (V+) + (VDD)
COMMUTATION TRUTH TABLE
Inputs Sensors (60Spacing) INA
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 X X L L L 1 1 0 0
Outputs Top Drive EN
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Sensors (60Spacing) INA
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 X X L L L 1 1 0 0
Bottom Drive GTC
0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
INB
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 X X L L L 0 0 1 1
INC
0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 X X L L L 1 1 0 0
INB
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 X X L L L 1 1 0 0
INC
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 X X L L L 1 1 0 0
F/R
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X X X X X X X X
BRK
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
IS+
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X 0 1 1 X X X X
GTA
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
GTB
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
GBA
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
GBB
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
GBC
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
FAULT
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Conditions
Disable Power Down Brake Over I in BRK Over I
Notes:
L. Any valid sensor combination
X. Don't care S-60752-Rev. D, 05-Apr-99 3
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SI9979
Vishay Siliconix
PIN CONFIGURATION
PIN DESCRIPTION
Pins 1-3: INA, INB, INC INA, INB, and INC are the commutation sensor inputs, and are intended to be driven by open collector Hall effect switches. These inputs have internal pull up resistors tied to VDD, which eliminates the need for external pull up resistors. Pin 4: 60/120 The 60/120 input allows the use of the SI9979 with either a 60 or 120 commutation sensor spacing. An internal pull up resistor, which is tied to VDD, sets the default condition to 60 spacing. 120 spacing is selected by pulling this input to ground. Pin 5: EN (Enable) A logic "1" on this input allows commutation of the motor. This is the default condition as this pin is pulled up internally. When this pin is pulled to ground, all gate drive outputs are turned off. Pin 6: F/R (Forward/Reverse) A logic "1" on this input selects commutation for motor rotation in the "forward" direction. This is the default condition as this pin is pulled up internally. When this pin is pulled to ground, the commutation sensor logic levels are inverted internally, causing reverse rotation. Pin 7: QS (Quadrature Select) This input determines whether the bottom MOSFETs or both bottom and top MOSFETs switch in response to the PWM signal. A logic "1" on this input enables only the bottom MOSFETs. This is the default condition as this pin is pulled up internally. When this pin is pulled to ground, both the bottom and top MOSFETs are enabled. Pin 8: PWM An open collector (drain) or TTL compatible signal is applied to this input to control the motor speed. The QS input determines which MOSFETs are switched in response to the PWM signal. If no PWM signal is being used, this input is left open. It is pulled up internally, which allows the MOSFETs to follow the commutation sequence. Pin 9: BRK With this input at logic "1", the top MOSFETs are turned off and the bottom MOSFETs are turned on, shorting the motor windings together. This provides a braking torque which is dependent on the motor speed. This is the default condition as this pin is pulled up internally. When this pin is pulled to ground, the MOSFETs are allowed to follow the commutation sequence.
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SI9979
Vishay Siliconix
Pin 10: TACH This output provides a minimum 300-nanosecond output pulse for every commutation sensor transition, yielding a 6 pulse per electrical revolution tachometer signal. This output is open drain. Pin 11: FAULT The FAULT output switches low to indicate that at least one of the following conditions exists, controller disable (EN), undervoltage lockout, invalid commutation sensor code shutdown, or overcurrent shutdown. This output is open drain. Pin 17: RT/CT The junction of the current limit one shot timing resistor and capacitor is connected to this pin. This one-shot is triggered by the current limit comparator when an overcurrent condition exists. This action turns off all the gate drives for the period defined by RT and CT , thus stopping the flow of current. Pin 18: RT One side of the current limit one shot timing resistor is connected to this pin. Pin 19: IS+ This is the sensing input of the current limit comparator and should be connected to the positive side of the current sense resistor. When the voltage across the current sense resistor exceeds 100 mV, the comparator switches and triggers the current limit one-shot. The one-shot turns off all the gate drives for the period defined by RT and CT, thus stopping the flow of current. If the overcurrent condition remains after the shutdown period, the gate drives will be held off until the overcurrent condition no longer exists. Pin 20: ISThis pin is the ground reference for the current limit comparator. It should be connected directly to the ground side of the current sense resistor to enhance noise immunity. Pins 12-16, 21-24, 37-41, 44-48: GND These pins are the return path for both the logic and gate drive circuits. Also, they serve to conduct heat out of the package, into the circuit board. Pin 25: GBC This is the gate drive output for the bottom MOSFET in Phase C. Pin 26: GTC This is the gate drive output for the top MOSFET in Phase C. Pin 27: SC This pin is negative supply of the high-side drive circuitry. As such, it is the connection for the negative side of the bootstrap capacitor, the top MOSFET Source, the bottom MOSFET Drain, and the Phase C output. Pin 28: CAPC This pin is the positive supply of the high-side circuitry. The bootstrap capacitor for Phase C is connected between this pin and SC. Pin 29: GBB This is the gate drive output for the bottom MOSFET in Phase B. Pin 30: GTB This is the gate drive output for the top MOSFET in Phase B. Pin 31: SB This pin is negative supply of the high-side drive circuitry. As such, it is the connection for the negative side of the bootstrap Pin 34: GTA This is the gate drive output for the top MOSFET in Phase A. Pin 35: SA This pin is negative supply of the high-side drive circuitry. As such, it is the connection for the negative side of the bootstrap capacitor, the top MOSFET Source, the bottom MOSFET Drain, and the Phase A output. Pin 36: CAPA This pin is the positive supply of the high-side circuitry. The bootstrap capacitor for Phase A is connected between this pin and SA. Pin 42: V+ The supply voltage for the SI9979 is connected between this pin and ground. The internal logic and high-side supply voltages are derived from V+. Pin 43: VDD VDD is the internal logic and gate drive voltage. It is necessary to connect a capacitor between this pin and ground to insure that the current surges seen at the turn on of the bottom MOSFETs does not trip the undervoltage lockout circuitry.
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SI9979
Vishay Siliconix
APPLICATIONS
FIGURE 1. Three-Phase Brushless DC Motor Controller
FIGURE 2. Single H-Bridge Controller
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SI9979
Vishay Siliconix
FIGURE 3. Three-Phase AC Motor Controller
FIGURE 4. External VDD Regulator
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